If you blink your eye, you will pass this bridge along the Alloway Creek just outside of Alloway, NJ, a sleepy little town just outside the County seat of Salem, NJ. What may seem like just a bridge with an historical marker once held a big place in the history of the Revolutionary War for this part of New Jersey. This was once a major travel and transport point during the area’s heyday of the farming industry in the early part of the country’s history, supplying food for the Philadelphia and lower New Jersey area.
Today the Alloway Creek is used more for fishing and recreation from I saw the afternoon I visited the site but once upon a time, this was a busy throughfare for travel. The creek was used for transport and the road was a crossways between all the small communities in the area.
Take time to stop in the parking lot next to the bridge and take a look at the significance of this area and what this meant in the context of the war years.
Alloway Creek today in 2022
History of Quinton’s Bridge at Alloway Creek:
(From Revolutionary War New Jersey.com):
In March of 1778, a group of about 1500 British troops under the command of Charles Mawhood occupied the town of Salem. Their objective was to confiscate cattle, hay and corn to bring across the Delaware River to Philadelphia, which was then controlled by the British.
Local citizen had moved some of the cattle south of Salem, past Alloways Creek to keep it from the British. Alloways Creek extends abou thirty miles inland from the Delaware River, creating a natural southern boundary that could only be crossed at three bridges in the area; Quinton’s Bridge, Hancock’s Bridge about four miles east of here and Thompson’s Bridge about five miles to the west. Salem and Cumberland County militiamen took positions at the bridges to stop the British from moving past them.
The British made an attack on Quinton’s Bridge on March 18th. During the attack, the British lured about 200-300 of the militamen across the bridge into an ambush feigning a retreat. The British had actually hidden some of their soldiers in a house near the creek and when the militiamen moved past them, the soldiers rushed out of the house to cut off the militiamen’s retreat to the bridge. Militiamen were captured or killed but their defense of the bridge held and the British were not able to cross Alloways Creak at Quinton’s Bridge.
Three days later an attack was made on the militiamen at Hancock’s Bridge in which militiamen were bayoneted to death in their sleep in a nearby house.
I stopped in at the Museum of Prehistory after a tour of several other historical sites in the area and this little museum is packed with interesting artifacts.
The main gallery
One section was dedicated to the Lenape Indians who lived in the area. There were many artifacts such as arrow heads, spears, pottery and an assortment of fishing and cooking materials. The Native Americans had an interesting system of living that adapted to nature. They developed a sophisticated system of living that was mobile and came with them as they moved around during the seasons.
There is an extensive fossil collection that includes trilobites, shark teeth, crabs, lobsters and they even had a footprint of a dinosaur. What I thought was interesting was the dinosaur eggs (they were not found locally).
Each case is dedicated to subject matter and the whole museum can be seen in less than an hour.
History of the Alan E. Carman Museum of Prehistory:
The Museum was dedicated in 1997, the museum was established to house the Native American artifacts and prehistoric fossils collected by Alan Ewing Carman. Carman was an avocational archaeologist who spent 58 plus years collecting, excavating and researching Native American artifacts from southern New Jersey.
The Alan E. Carman biography
Since Carmen’s original gift to the Society, the museum has acquired a variety of artifacts and specimens from different donors that have enhanced the collection’s research and educational potential. The museum has been and continues to be a valuable resource for archaeologists, paleontologists, students, tour groups and the general public. Come visit our collections to learn more about southern New Jersey’s storied past or to use our extensive research materials.
The Dinosaur bones
Dinosaur bones and eggs at the museum.
To enter the museum is to enter the world of the Native American ancestors that lived in the lower Delaware Valley. The Museum of Prehistory displays an incredible assortment of ancient artifacts and even older fossils that speak to this region’s fascinating prehistory.
The wonderful pottery collection of Native Americans.
Pottery and cooking items of Native Americans.
Our Mission:
(from the museum pamphlet)
The mission of the Cumberland County Historical Society is to preserve and promote the history and heritage of the county through acquisitions, collections, exhibits, research, educational programs and publications for the benefit of current and future generations.
Arrowheads and fishing artifacts.
The Alan Ewing Carman Museum of Prehistory supports this mission through the collection, preservation, interpretation and exhibition of pre-Contact period Native American artifacts from southern New Jersey. The museum serves as an institute for public education and a resource for archaeological research.
About the Collections:
(from the museum pamphlet)
The Native American artifacts were primarily acquired and donated by avocational archaeologist Alan Ewing Carman. Later donations have helped bolster this incredible collection of artifacts that all came from Southern New Jersey. To this day, the collection serves as an excellent resource for public education and academic research.
Six-Hundred-year-old dog bones.
The museum features a recreated burial of a mother dog and her two puppies that were lovingly interred about 800 years ago (museum website).
This video was on the history of Prehistory of the Lenape Indians:
The History of the Museum:
(From the museum pamphlet):
To visit the museum is to enter the world of the Indians who inhabited the lower Delaware Valley. At the end of the last Ice Age, the Paleo (Clovis) Indians were the first primitive people to penetrate this region. Many subsequent Indian cultures followed in their wake, leaving physical evidence of their passing in the earth’s archives. This salvaged evidence exhibited in the form of stone and bone artifacts, pottery and native crafts. When combined, they illustrate the evolution of the Indian societies who occupied southern New Jersey.
A major attraction to the Indians in this sector of the state was fossiliferious stone named “Cohansey Quartzite”. It was mined in the Vinicius of Greenwich, NJ. Other stone materials such as flint, jasper, thyolite and argillite were imported into the area and their mining locations are identified.
The Indians Fire making kits, manufacturing of pottery, use of gourds and flaking techniques, all make an interesting study of native crafts. Bone and shell remains salvaged from refuse pits depict their food sources. Of special interest, is the 800 year old mother dog and her two puppies which were unearthed near Swainton, NJ.
The Indians who inhabited Southern New Jersey at the time of the European contact were the Lenape, pronounced “Len-bop-pay”. Today they are known as the Delaware. Anthropologists have identified over 44 sub-divisions of the Lenape people who inhabited their ancestral homeland (Lenapehoking).
In the southern part of New Jersey, the little Siconese occupied the land along the Cohansey River; the Sewapose, the Maurice River and the Alloways, the Salem Creek and its tributaries. As a visitor enters the Museum, a map of Cumberland County pinpoints 115 areas of occupation which define population levels in Prehistoric times.
Of special interest to the children are over 1000 fossils from four time periods of the earth’s geological development. Extinct trilobites, whale and porpoise vertebrae, crabs, lobsters, squid, mollusks, sting rays and giant shark teeth fill the special display case. Also a foot print in the stone of a bird like dinosaur call a “ Grallator”.
All of these were found in New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia. They illustrate a fascinating array of land and marine life which once roamed the earth’s primordial landscape. In addition, a cluster of 87 million year old Dinosaur eggs, a fossilized Snake egg and Turtle egg were donated in 2005. Ribs and remains of extinct reptiles fascinate and delight children on school tours. A wide assortment of publications are available to the public regarding the Indian’s culture and the study of fossils.
I took an extensive tour one weekend of historical sites of southern New Jersey to see how the lower part of the state was impacted by the Revolutionary War and one of the most important sites was the Hancock House. The family was extremely prominent not just in Salem, NJ but in New Jersey politics as well.
The Hancock House and grounds during the early Fall 2022
The house once stood on an very busy road between Salem and Bridgeton and where most commerce passed by. When I was taking the tour, you could see that the house was built in two parts. When I was listening to the lecture I found that the side of the house that faced the road had once been a leased space for a tavern.
The tavern section of the house that faces the road
This commercial enterprise brought in income for the family. Later on when the Hancock family sold the house in the early 1800’s, they sold it to the tavern keeper. After he and his family sold the house, it went on to various owners before the State of New Jersey bought it in the 1930’s.
Recreation of the Tavern section of the house
A copy of the old menu at the Tavern
There are no family heirlooms in the house and while some of the rooms have period pieces and are decorated to show how the family might have lived at the time as well as how the tavern functioned, many rooms in the house needed some direction on what they wanted to say about living at the time. There needed to be more artifacts to complete the look of the room.
The Downstairs at the Hancock House:
The example of the main bedroom downstairs was used for business as well. The room was furnished with period furniture.
The downstairs bedroom at the Hancock House. The built in shelves are the only thing from the Hancock family
The Kitchen area was set for dinner and functioned as the Dining Room as well,
The kitchen set for lunch
The kitchen area for entertaining
The old kitchen at the Hancock House
The Dining Room at the Hancock House:
The Living Room
The Living Room at the Hancock House
The Gallery at the Hancock House with artifacts from the era.
The Gallery at the Hancock House
The Upstairs at the Hancock House:
The upstairs bedrooms were an example of that. One of the rooms was fully furnished to look like a period bedroom while the other had a mish-mosh of decorations and furniture. There needed to be more to capture the time period of the house.
The upstairs bedroom is the only one furnished upstairs
Still, the house was steeped in history and it was fascinating to hear what the tour guide said about the goings on during the war years to the family. Many of the rooms also could have used a good plastering and painting to bring them back to life.
When I visited the Hancock House in October of 2022, they were having a Halloween festival with pumpkin patches, face painting, watching the film “The Legend of Sleepy Hallow” by Disney films. The kids were engaged with all sorts of activities and there would be Trick or Treating on Halloween day.
Halloween festivities at the Hancock House
The pumpkin patch at the Hancock House for Halloween
Halloween festivities at the Hancock House
History of The Hancock House:
(from The Hancock House Pamphlet)
The story of the Hancock House begins in 1675 when John Fenwick, a lawyer and Quaker from England, arrived in West Jersey (now Salem Country), With land purchased two years earlier, he established the first permanent English Settlement here, called “Fenwick’s Colony,” and founded the town of Salem. Eager to populate the area with skilled, industrious individuals, he advertised the area’s assets by stating, “if there be any terrestrial “Canaan” ’tis surely here, where the Land floweth with Milk and Honey.”
The Hancock House sits on property that was purchased from John Fenwick in 1675 by William Hancock, an English showmaker. Upon his death, the property passed to his wife and then to his nephew, John Hancock.
John’s inheritance of approximately 500 acres made him a major landholder in Fenwick’s Colony. he contributed to the development of the area by building a bridge across Alloways Creek in 1708. Now known as “Hancocks Bridge,” it permitted passage on an important highway between Salem and Greenwich and gave the settlement its name.
The site of the Hancock Bridge
When John Hancock died in 1709, he left his property to his son William. William became a Justice of the Peace for Salem County and served in the Colonial Assembly for 20 years.
The site of the historic Hancock Bridge
In 1734, William and his wife, Sarah built the Hancock House. Their initials (WHS) and the construction date (1734) can be seen in the brickwork on the house’s west elevation.
Upon his death in 1762, William left his house to his son, William who succeeded him in the Assembly and became His Majesty’s Judge of the County Court for the County of Salem. It was this William who figured in the massacre of March 1778.
The Hancock House remained in the family until 1931, although the extent to which the house was used as a private residence and the property farmed is uncertain. There is evidence to suggest a section of the house was leased for a tavern during the 18th & 19th centuries.
A recreation of the old Tavern section of the home
The State of New Jersey acquired the Hancock House for $4,000 in 1931 and opened it as a museum in 1932.
The Smoke House at the Hancock House property:
The Historic Significance of the house:
Historic Marker at the Hancock House
The Architectural Significance:
The Hancock House earned a place in history on the fateful day in March 1778.
The Hancock House
Yet the story of its architecture also is important. With its distinctive patterned and wall brickwork, simple lines and little ornamentation, it reflects the building traditions of the Quaker’s English Homeland.
The land around the Hancock House
Other elements of this architectural style include Flemish bond brickwork; a pent-roof that wraps around the front and back of the house; simple entrance steps; interior paneling and the use of such local materials as Wistarburg glass.
The Museum of the City of New York at 1220 Fifth Avenue
I have been a member of the Museum of the City of New York for almost twenty years and what I love about the museum is that its concentration is to be everything about New York City and what makes the City so great. Its development from a Dutch Colony to the Modern Metropolis that it is today. It covers the history so well that they created a permanent display entitled “New York at its Core”, an extensive history of the City from its start as being colonized by the Lenape Indians as a fishing and hunting set of villages on the island.
The “New York at its Core” exhibition (MCNY)
Each display takes you through a different point in the history of the development of the City and how each era brought dramatic changes to the fabric of the City from immigration over the years to the fires that leveled the original City and the raise of Wall Street and the Arts to make New York City the Capital of the World. The almost bankruptcy of the City in 1975 to the attacks on 9/11 have really shaped the direction and change in the City to the COVID-19 pandemic reshaping it again. We see how New York City continues to survive. The exhibition is now updated to add the COVID pandemic to the fabric of what is happening in New York City now. This exhibition will continue to evolve over the coming years.
The entrance to “Timescapes”
The film “Timescapes” in the basement theater again tackles the issues of a changing City since its development and the City continues to morph over time. The movie narrated by Stanley Tucci tells the story of New York from the time of the Dutch settlement to the attacks of 9/11 and like “New York at its Core” the issues that come about after every event. The film is shown five times a day and do take the time to see it when visiting the museum.
A tiny clip of “Timescapes” from the Museum of the City of New York
Just recently I attended a special event at the Museum to honor the Founding Members of the “Talking Heads” Chris Frantz and Tina Weymouth and their groundbreaking film “Stop Making Sense”. I was lucky to get tickets because the second I saw this on the museum listing I bought the tickets immediately. The event sold out quickly.
‘Talking Heads’ founders Chris Frantz and Tina Weymouth
The event was discussion with the creators of the group and how the Talking Heads emerged as a popular group through the 1980’s and 90’s. I have to admit that the two of them have not changed much but looking a bit older. They enchanted the audience with their time with the group and some new things they have in the works. After a quick Q & A, we watched their popular concert film “Stop Making Sense”.
We had such a good time at the event, the I wrote about it for my blog, “MywalkinManhattan.com”:
Day Two Hundred and Eight: Private Members nights at the New York Museums:
On another recent trip, I visited the exhibition “New York New Music 1980-1986” which was an exhibition on the development of the music scene after the Disco era was over and the rise of MTV. You had a combination of Club Music, Hip Hop, New Wave and the English Wave from Australia and New Zealand coming into the United States plus a resurgence of Rock and Roll after years of the “Disco Duck”. The exhibition highlighted the music of Debbie Harry and Blondie, Run DMC, Cyndi Lauper and Madonna and the rise of music videos. The exhibition brought me back to my last years of high school and my college years as I remembered all these groups.
The “New York-New Music 1980-1986” exhibition
Over the years I have seen exhibitions on everything from the Bankruptcy exhibition of New York City and the rise of crime, the Gilded Era with Alice Claypoole Vanderbilt’s “Electric Light” dress that she wore to Alva Vanderbilt’s famous ball and the wonderful toy exhibitions of early playthings. I have also been to many lectures at the museum with guests such as former Brooklyn President Marky Markowitz.
In 2023, I visited the museum for the first time in months and was able to see the “Gingerbread House Bakeoff” exhibition of well-known and amateur bakers in New York City. The exhibition was a hold over from Christmas and it was interesting to see the detailed gingerbread houses that were on display.
There two that I really liked. One was of Madison Square Park at Christmas time and looked like the pictures I had just taken of the park.
Bryant Park at Christmas time in gingerbread
Christmas scene in New York City
The next exhibition I wanted to see before it closed was the “Food in New York” exhibition. It could have been a little more detailed than what I saw. I thought it was going to have more of the development and history of food in New York and how it pertains to today. It was more artwork related to modern food industry trends. It was interesting but not what I thought it was going to be.
‘Food in New York’ exhibition
Some of the artwork really stood out on the display. I like the Hispanic Ice Carts which you see all over Washington Heights and East Harlem during the warmer months.
Ice Cart “Pimp My Piragua” byt artist Miguel Luciano
Artist Miguel Luciano
“Twilight” by artist Suzanne Anker
The effects of pollination of crops and the loss of bees shown here.
Artist Suzanne Anker
The latest exhibition that I visited on a Members walking tour was the “New York Now: Home” exhibition that opened in the Spring of 2023. The exhibition is based on what the photographers perspective of what a ‘home’ is and how you live through it. There were photos of family events, life outside the home, what a family is, is it your birth family or friends that have become family? There were also some great shots of people taken during the COVID lockdown and how the home became the center point of their lives and sanity. Each photographer gave a different way of looking at these points.
‘New York Now: Home: A Photography Triennial’
The exhibition write up
There were many terrific artists displayed in the exhibition but these are the five that I thought stood out the most:
Photographer and Artist Anders Jones work on the loss of bodegas in his neighborhood due to gentrification.
Artist Anders Jones work at the Museum of the City of New York
I think the museum was looking for a more political and environmental view of food in New York City as opposed to the history and development. It still was an important issue. It also showed all the urban, community and roof gardens that are becoming part of the urban landscape. It is interesting how people are using space to grow food for the benefit of everyone. It was an interesting perspective.
The museum is really all things New York.
The museum also has a series of talks in movies shot around or about New York City. On a recent trip to the museum I attended the retrospect of director Walt Stillman and his 1998 film “The Last Days of Disco”, which had been a huge hit when it came out. The director talked about the change in times from the 1970’s to the 1980’s and the shift in behavior of the population. There was a moment of time when “Disco was King” and going out was all the rage after years of Vietnam era. Studio 54 led this charge and when it closed in 1980, the party was over.
In conversation with director Walt Stillman the night of the retrospect.
The original trailer for the film.
The Q & A at Lincoln Center for the 20th anniversary of the film.
The series of films deal with the subject matter of New York City and what makes it a special place.
I recently went to see the new Art Deco City-New York exhibition on a private tour. The curator for the show toured us through the era after WWI and during the Depression. Things got more simplistic and cleaner.
You had a youth revolution that wanted to get away from Victorian values and with the lack of resources and money during the Depression, everything became more clean lines, less embellishment and more modern looking.
The exhibit ‘Art Deco City New York’
The bulk of the exhibition came from the collection of Cosmetic owner, Ronald Lauder, who contributed his Art Deco post card collection. Years of collecting showed all of us the changes not just in architecture but attitudes in travel and living. Gone were the bulky and elaborate in was simplistic and clean designs with a fresh approach.
The main gallery with Art Deco post cards
This perspective was shown in the 1939 World’s Fair, where a look to the future showed optimism and a look at new possibilities.
The 1939 World’s Fair
The outfits of that era also represented women and their freedoms from the Victorian era and the excesses. Gone were the days of corsets and bustles and in was the freedom of movement to the modern working woman who have to work to support her family. This reflected in the social life too.
Dresses from the 1930’s
Rockefeller Center and the Empire State Building were the big projects of that era. It showed the optimism and show of the possibilities of the modern era during the Depression and kept people working.
Models of Rockefeller Center
The exhibition was very interesting and informative and shows up in the modern era today.
The latest exhibition I attended was “Songs of New York”, a tribute to the rich music scene of the five boroughs through the ages.
The Exhibition sign for “Songs of New York”
The exhibition delves into the rich history of everything from New Wave to Hip Hop to Rock and Jazz. The interactive exhibition has you stepping on a Borough symbol and you hear its rich history of music.
The interactive display on the third floor
The opening remarks from the curator at the opening night
The reception with drinks and snacks for members
Pictures from ‘Look Magazine’ from the collection
Photographs from Allan Tannenbaum
The career of Allan Tannenbaum
The photos of Janette Beckmann of the ‘Hip Hop’ scene with the start of the careers of LL Cool J and Run DMC
The exhibition packs a lot of information into a small space where the members were able to enjoy the music of New York City.
I went to an Educator’s Night for the new ‘Above Ground’ exhibition on the street art collection of Artist Matin Wong. The artist collected the street art of the 1980’s after the Crash of 1987 slowed the demand for this art.
The ‘Above Ground’ exhibition
The sign from the exhibition
The works in the exhibition
The work ‘Futura’
The sign for ‘Futura’
The works by artist Keith Haring
The works in the galleries were creative and colorful. These artists sending a message with their works.
The art of the exhibition
The art of the exhibition
The gallery displaying the works
The work by artist Quik
The artist’s write up
The exhibition works were from the period of the mid to late 1980’s and these works Martin Wong bought after the Crash of 1987 to help sustain his artist friends whose sales dried for street art. The collection was donated to the museum after the artist’s passing in 1994 (Museum pamphlet).
I recently returned to the museum for a special evening event for photographer Ebet Roberts
The special event for music photographer Ebet Roberts
The evening was a discussion of the artist’s works from the 1970’s and 80’s. What I thought was interesting is how she seemed to fall into it as an artist with newspapers interested in seeing her photographs.
The photographer, Ebet Roberts with the museum curator
The photographer discussing her work
One of her well known works of a musician couple from the 1970’s
The talk was very interesting as she fell into the profession of just taking pictures of bands while attending the events as reporting. Then the papers wanted to see what pictures she had taken. Liking how she captured the groups in a more human fashion, she continued to take more pictures. This led to private sessions and behind the scenes works, capturing the events before and after a concert. It was a very interesting talk.
These are the types of events that make the museum unique and special.
The History of the Museum of the City of New York:
(From the Museum of the City of New York website/Wiki):
The Museum of the City of New York is a history and art museum that was founded in 1923 by Henry Collins Brown. The red brick building with marble trim was built between 1929-30 and was designed by architect Joseph H. Freedlander in the neo-Georgian style with statues of Alexander Hamilton and DeWitt Clinton by sculptor Adolph Alexander Weinman, which face Central Park from niches in the facade (Wiki).
The museum was originally located in Gracie Mansion, where available space was limited. One of the first exhibitions was “Old New York” in 1926. This took place in the Fine Arts Building on West 57th Street. The success of the project led to a search for a new, permanent headquarters for the museum (Wiki).
A design competition was held between five invited architects and the Colonial Revival design by Joseph H. Freelander was chosen. The City donated the site on Fifth Avenue and the funds for the construction of the museum was raised by public subscription. The original plans for the museum’s building were scaled back as a result of the Wall Street Crash of 1929. The building was finished and dedicated in 1932.
In 2000, there was talk by then Mayor Rudy Giuliani to move the museum to the historic Tweed Courthouse near City Hall but that was over-turned by the incoming Mayor, Michael Bloomberg. In protect the museum director, Robert R. McDonald resigned.
In coming new museum director, Susan Henshaw Jones, planned an extension to the museum and it was completed in 2008. The extension including renovating the existing gallery spaces and adding a new pavilion. New displays and a remounting of valuable artifacts were done to give the museum a refreshed look. In 2011, the Museum of the City of New York temporarily took over operation of the South Street Seaport Museum which itself reopened in 2012 (Wiki).
The museum has a collection of over 1.5 million objects including many items from the 19th and early 20th centuries including paintings, prints, costumes, decorative objects, furniture and an extensive collection of toys. There are also extensive collections of police and fire items as well as shop models, rare books and manuscripts (Wiki).
The Museum of the City of New York in the early Spring
Visiting a Museum: The Unique, Unusual, Obscure and Historical 